BHAGAVAD GITA was spoken 5000 years back by Lord Sri Krishna to Arjuna in the battlefield of Kurukshetra, which is also known as Gitopanishad. It is the essence of Vedic Knowledge and one of the most important Upanishads in the Vedic Literature. Here Lord Sri Krishna informs Arjuna that this system of yoga : the BHAGAVAD GITA was first spoken to the sun-god Vivasvan and the sun-god explained it to his son Manu, and Manu explained it to his son Iksvaku and in that way the disciplic succession one after the another, the yoga system has been coming down. Here, the term yoga means to connect, that is to revive the lost relationship with the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Lord Sri Krishna.
The subject of the Bhagavad Gita entails the comprehension of five basic truths. First of all , the science of God is explained and then the constitutional position of the living entities that is Jivas is explained. The living entities (Jivas) are controlled, by ‘Isvara’ which means the controller, ‘Prakriti’ which is the material nature, ‘Kaal’ i.e eternal time which is the duration of existence of the whole universe and ‘Karma’ means the activities in which all living entities are engaged.
The Gita should be taken as the most perfect presentation of Vedic knowledge which is received from transcendental sources and the first words were spoken by Lord Sri Krishna Himself. The words spoken by the Lord are called ‘Apaurusheya’ meaning that they are different from words spoken by the mundane world who is infected with defects. BHAGAVAD GITA is the perfection of knowledge. So, Bhagavad Gita contains the complete knowledge of Vedic wisdom and as Vedic knowledge is complete because it is above all doubts and mistakes. Hence, it is the essence of all Vedic knowledge.
The contents of Bhagavad Gita includes the scene on the battlefield of Kurukshetra as the opposite armies stand poised for battle and Arjuna fails in strength and his mind becomes bewildered. Thus he gives up determination to fight against them and how Lord Sri Krishna instructed him. Then the three different yogas are explained Karma yoga, Bhakti yoga, Dhyana yoga, by which a living entity can understand the science of devotional service and come to the conclusion to surrender unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead KRSNA and thus go back home back to Godhead and live eternally with Him.
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